KAYAYYAKIN AMFANI A CIKIN GONA 3

Barkan mu da sake saduwa a wannan makon a wannan mudawwana tamu ta manoma mai albarka, idan mai karatu bai mantaba makonni biyu da suka gabata mun tattauna a wannan maudu'i namu na kayayyakin amfani a cikin gona (farm input) in da muka tattauna akan abin da ya shafi iri da taki inda wannan makon da yardar Allah zamu tattauna akan magungunan kashe kwari wato (pesticide) da kuma na kashe ciyawa wato (herbicide).
TAKAITACCEN TARIHI
Binciken masana tarihi ya tabbatar da cewa kimanin shekaru 2000 kafin zuwan Annabi Isa mutane sukan sarrafa wadansu sinadarai su  samar da wadansu magunguna don su kare amfanin gonakinsu daga kwari. Farkon sanannen maganin kwari shine na sinadarin SULFUR wanda turawan daji wato (mesopotamia) suke amfani da shi wajen shekaru 4500 da suka gabata. Suma indiyawan THE RIG VEDA kimanin shekaru 4000 da suka shude suna amfani da wadansu ganyayyaki masu guba don kashe kwari.A karni na 15 ne aka kirkiro wadansu magunguna masu guba irin su ANSENIC, MERCURY da kuma LEAD ana fesa sune ga amfanin gona don su kashe kwari yayin da a karni na 17 ne sinadarin nan na NICOTINE SULFATE aka fid dashi daga ganyayyakin taba don kare amfanin gona daga cutarwar kwari. Binciken baya-bayannan ya nuna akwai sanannun sinadaran hada magungunan feshi wajen guda1,055 da kuma magungunan feshi masu rijista da suka haura 16,000. Amma maganin kashe ciyawa wato (herbicide) an fara amfani dashi ne a shekarar 1960 har zuwa yau.Saboda irin hadararrukan da yake cikin amfani da irin wadannan magunguna ne gwamnatoci su kan  kafa dokoki kan amfani da irin wadannan magunguna ta hanyar  hukumomi don su sa ido na ganin cewa anyi amfani da wadannan magunguna yadda ya kamata kuma bisa ka'ida.
BAYANI
Maganin kashe kwari wato (pesticide) ya kunshi sinadari ko hade-haden sinadarai domin su hana,su kashe,ko su zama kariya ga amfanin gona daga kwari.wannan kuwa ya hadarda cututtukan jikin bil'adama da dabbobi da ciyayi ko kuma dukkan wata halitta da take cutar da amfanin gona ko dabbobin kiwo; wajen nan zai iya zama cikin gona ne ko wajen sarrafa amfanin gona ne wato ma'aikata ko cikin Rumbu ne inda ake ajiyar amfanin gona ko a wajen safarar amfanin gona ne daga wani wuri zuwa wani wuri ko kuwa a wajen cinikayyar sune wato kasuwa. Maganin kashe kwari yana da fadi sosai domin kuwa yakunshi dukkan wasu sinadarai da aka sarrafa don hana kwari rabar  jikin dabbobin kiwo. Hakanan dukkan sinadarin da akai amfani dashi don kula da girman yabanya,ko hana kayan marmari daga fadowa daga kan bishiya kafin su kai ga nuna. Kuma ya kunshi dukkan wani wadansu sinadarai da za'a sarrafa su ai amfani dasu kafin ko bayan girbi don ya zama kariya ga amfanin gona daga barnar kwari a lokacin ajiya ko a wajen safara.
Muhimmin amfanin wannan maganin kashe kwari a wajen akasarin manoman mu shine don ya zama mai bawa amfanin gonakin su kariya daga barnar kwari wadanda ake ganin macuta ne ko masu illah.Maganin  kashe ciyawa wato (herbicide) kamar yadda muka sani ana amfani da shi ne don kashe ciyayin da ba'a bukatar su a cikin gona, amma yawancin manoman mu basu cika amfani da shi a cikin gonakinsu ba sai dai yawanci akan yi amfani da shine a wannan kasa wajen zubawa a cikin tafki ko rafi don kashe ciyayin da suke kawo tasgaro wajen ninkaya da kamun kifi sannan su jikirta launin ruwan zuwa launi mara kyan gani. Maganin kashe kwari akan yi amfani dashi a cijkin rumbu ko ma'ajiyar amfanin gona don ya hana kwari da suke bata abinci kamar hatsi da sauransu samun damar kaiwa garesu.Ya zama dole muja hankalin manoman mu wajen yin amfani da magungunan kashe kwari yayin ajiyar amfanin gona kan cewa ya zama wajiba su kiyaye dukkan wata ka'ida da kamfanin maganin ko hukumomin da suke sa ido kan wannan harka kamar NAFDAC suka gindaya kan amfani da wadannan magunguna saboda hadurran dake kunshe dasu.
Maganin kashe kwari yana taimakawa tattalin arzikin manomi nesa ba kusa ba domin wani bincike da aka aiwatar kwana- kwanan nan ya nuna kin yin amfani da  maganin kashe kwari ga manomi a gona yana  rage yawan amfanin gona da wajen kashi goma cikin dari.Hakanan wani bincike da aka aiwatar a shekarar 1999 lokacin da muhawara tai zafi akan hana amfani da magungunan kashe kwari saboda matsalolin da ake fuskanta daga manoma da yan kasuwa wajen kin bin cikakkiyar ka'idar amfani da maganin, sakamakon binciken ya nuna hana amfanin da wadannan magunguna zai kawo hauhawar kayan abinci, da rashin aikin yi, da kuma karuwar mizanin yunwa a duniya.Dangane da yanayin kasuwar magungunan kashe kwari kuwa kasuwar su a bude take domin wani biciken da aka gudanar a shekarar 2006 zuwa 2008 ya nuna duniya tana amfanin da wadannan magunguna da yakai na sama da naira tariliyan 1,300.
Amma duk da wannan karbuwa da wadannan magungunan su kayi bincike ya tabbatar da suna tattare da illoli masu yawa ga lafiyar dan'adam da kuma muhallinsa. Ta bangaren lafiya koya  aka kuskure ya dan taba fata ko ido to wajen zai ta kaikayi wanda in ba' ai gaggawar daukar kwakwkwarar mataki ba zai iya kaiwa ga cutar daji wato (cancer). Binciken da hukumar lafiya ta majalisar dinkin duniya wato (W.H.O) ta gabatar ya nuna duk shekara akalla ma'aikatan feshin maganin kwari miliyan uku ne a kasashe masu tasowa ke  kamuwa da cututtuka daga gubar dake tare da wadannan magungunan. Ta bangaren muhalli ma magungunan feshi ba'a bar su a baya ba domin bincike ya nuna a kalla kashi 98 cikin 100 na maganin feshi da ake fesawa a gona  da kuma kashi 95 cikin 100 na maganin feshin ciyawa suna zuwa ne ba inda aka fesa suba wato sukan bi iska,ruwa da sauransu maimakon kisan kwari da ciyawa.
Amma wadannan illoli ko matsaloli baza su hana yin amfani da magungunan kashe kwari  da ciyawa musamman duba da irin alfanun dake tattare dasu matukar ambi ka'ida kuma an tabbatar cewa kwararrun ma'aikata ne zasu gudanar da aikin to za'a samu alfanu masu yawa kamar haka ;kashe da hana yaduwar cututtuka a gona, karayawan amfanin gona masu inganci, bishiyoyi ma zasu samu kariya daga kwari kamar su Gara da sauran alfanu masu yawa da manoma zasu samu ta hanyar amfanin da wadannan magunguna a gona, Domin kuwa a duk naira daya da aka kashe don yin amfani da maganin feshi akan adana naira hudu ga bata daga kwari. Wannan yasa duniya tayi amanna da wadannan magunguna domin bincike ya nuna ana samun karuwar amfani da wadannan magunguna da wajen kashi 4 zuwa kashi 5.4 cikin dari a duk shekara.Nan zamu dakata sai kuma hadu a wani makon kafin sannan muna maraba da ra'ayoyin ku kan yadda muke gudanar da wannan mudawwana. NAGODE